NetherlandsChapters
The Dutch United Provinces declared their independence from Spain in 1579; during the 17th century, they became a leading seafaring and commercial power, with settlements and colonies around the world. After a 20-year French occupation, a Kingdom of the Netherlands was formed in 1815. In 1830, Belgium seceded and formed a separate kingdom. The Netherlands remained neutral in World War I, but suffered German invasion and occupation in World War II. A modern, industrialized nation, the Netherlands is also a large exporter of agricultural products. The country was a founding member of NATO and the EEC (now the EU) and participated in the introduction of the euro in 1999. In October 2010, the former Netherlands Antilles was dissolved and the three smallest islands - Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba - became special municipalities in the Netherlands administrative structure. The larger islands of Sint Maarten and Curacao joined the Netherlands and Aruba as constituent countries forming the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
In February 2018, the Sint Eustatius island council (governing body) was dissolved and replaced by a government commissioner to restore the integrity of public administration. According to the Dutch Government, the intervention will be as "short as possible and as long as needed."
Your advisors at the Chamber of Commerce
Regina Khvastunova
Camille Nothomb
Contact us: europe@cc.lu
Key indicators
- Area
- 41,543 km2
- Population
- 17,337,403 (July 2021 est.)
- Government type
- parliamentary constitutional monarchy; part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Languages
- Dutch (official)
- GDP
- $912.242 billion (2020 est.)
- Growth rate
- -3.7% (2020 est.)
- HDI
- 8
- Capital
- Amsterdam
Macroeconomic indicators
GDP growth is projected to remain robust at 3.3% in 2018 and close to 3% in 2019, supported by strong private consumption and investment. Wage growth and inflation are projected to rise as economic slack disappears. The current account surplus is set to remain at a high level.
To ensure more inclusive growth, labour market reforms should be implemented to enhance mobility and improve the employment opportunities of vulnerable groups. Housing market vulnerabilities should be reduced by lowering loan-to-value caps for new mortgages. Reforms to the occupational pension system should focus on improving the transparency and solidarity of the system.
Source: OECD - Economic Forecast
IMF Statistics:
| Subject descriptor | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change (Units) |
6.192 |
4.326 |
0.093 |
0.632 |
1.296 |
|
Gross domestic product, current prices Percent change (Billions) |
1,030.363 |
1,010.193 |
1,117.101 |
1,142.513 |
1,177.592 |
|
Gross domestic product per capita, current prices Percent change (Units) |
58,960.710 |
57,427.756 |
62,718.681 |
63,749.903 |
65,315.916 |
|
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change (Units) |
2.819 |
11.617 |
4.117 |
2.660 |
2.103 |
|
Volume of imports of goods and services Percent change (Units) |
6.426 |
3.797 |
-0.757 |
0.849 |
3.000 |
|
Volume of exports of goods and services Percent change (Units) |
8.099 |
4.496 |
-1.305 |
0.200 |
2.350 |
|
Unemployment rate Percent change (Units) |
4.226 |
3.537 |
3.553 |
3.900 |
4.200 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Billions) |
124.817 |
93.655 |
113.572 |
104.226 |
104.105 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Units) |
12.114 |
9.271 |
10.167 |
9.123 |
8.840 |
Estimates
Source: IMF Statistics - Netherlands
Relationships with Luxembourg
Existing conventions and agreements
Non double taxation agreement
In order to promote international economic and financial relations in the interest of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Luxembourg government negotiates bilateral agreements for the avoidance of double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and on fortune with third countries.
- Convention from 08.05.1968 (Memorial 1969, A No.24, p.754)
- Effective as of 01.01.1967 (Memorial 1969, A No.24, p.754)
- Amendment of the Convention from 16.10.1990 (Memorial 1992, A No.58, p.1901)
- Effective as of 01.01.1993 (Memorial 1992, A No.58, p.1901)
- 2nd Amendment of the Convention from 05.29.2009 (Memorial 2010, A No.51, p.830)
- Effective as of 01.01.2011 (Memorial 2010, A No.51, p.830)
Air Services agreement
- Exchange of Notes from 14.4. and 06.23.1948 (Memorial 1951, p. 1186)
- Effective as of 08.24.1951
Further information
Foreign Trade
The Statec Foreign Trade statistics provide information on the trade of goods - by product and by country. This information is collected respectively through the INTRASTAT declaration and on the basis of customs documents.
You can see the statistics on the website of the Statec.
Contact points in Netherlands
Embassy of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Netherlands
Ambassador: Mr Mike HENTGES
Nassaulaan 8
NL-2514 JS The Hague
Netherlands
Tel.: (+31) 70 360 75 16
E-Mail: lahaye.amb@mae.etat.lu
Website: lahaye.mae.lu
Honorary Consuls
Honorary General Consul with jurisdiction over the Provinces of North Holland, Friesland, Groningen, Drenthe, and Flevoland:
Mr Paulus W.L. RUSSELL
Reimersbeek 2
NL-1082 AG Amsterdam
Netherlands
Tel.: (+31)20 301 55 55
E-Mail: amsterdam@consul-hon.lu
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over the Province of Limburg:
Mr Fernand JADOUL
Achter de Comedie 8
NL-6211 GZ Maastricht
Netherlands
Tel.: (+31) 043 3501490
E-Mail: maastricht@consul-hon.lu
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over the Provinces of Utrecht, Gelderland, and Overijssel:
Mr Bernard WIENTJES
"Hoeve Bargsigt"
Hammerweg 44
NL- 7731 AK Ommen
Netherlands
Tel.: (+31) 653 14 74 74
E-Mail: bwientjes@icloud.com
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Luxembourg
Country risk as defined by Office du Ducroire for Netherlands
Ducroire is the only credit insurer covering open account deals in over 200 countries. A rating on a scale from 1 to 7 shows the intensity of the political risk. Category 1 comprises countries with the lowest political risk and category 7 countries with the highest. Macroeconomics experts also assess the repayment climate for all buyers in a country.
Link: Ducroire Office - Country Risk for Netherlands