GermanyKapitel
As Europe's largest economy and second most populous nation (after Russia), Germany is a key member of the continent's economic, political, and defense organizations. European power struggles immersed Germany in two devastating World Wars in the first half of the 20th century and left the country occupied by the victorious Allied powers of the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union in 1945. With the advent of the Cold War, two German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR). The democratic FRG embedded itself in key western economic and security organizations, the EC, which became the EU, and NATO, while the communist GDR was on the front line of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact. The decline of the USSR and the end of the Cold War allowed for German reunification in 1990. Since then, Germany has expended considerable funds to bring eastern productivity and wages up to western standards. In January 1999, Germany and 10 other EU countries introduced a common European exchange currency, the euro.
Source: The CIA World Factbook - Germany
Kennzahlen
- Fläche
- 357,022 km2
- Bevölkerung
- 79,903,481 (July 2021 est.)
- Regierungsform
- federal parliamentary republic
- Sprachen
- German (official)
- BIP
- $3.806 trillion (2020 est.)
- Wachstumsrate
- -4.9% (2020 est.)
- HDI
- 6
- Hauptstadt
- Berlin
Makroökonomische Indikatoren
Economic growth is projected to remain solid, backed by robust world trade, investment and a booming labour market. Consumption growth has slowed somewhat, as higher inflation has curbed real wage growth. Low interest rates, high capacity utilisation and growing housing demand are supporting strong residential and business investment. The current account surplus is projected to fall somewhat on the back of strong domestic demand that fuels imports.
Fiscal policy is mildly expansionary, but strong cyclical revenue growth will keep the budget balance in surplus. Reductions in social security contributions and higher subsidies for families are expected, although their timing remains uncertain. Fiscal space is available to increase spending on education, broadband and low-emission transport infrastructure, all of which would strengthen productivity in the long run. Tax reductions for low-wage and second earners along with higher environmental and real estate taxes would promote greener and more inclusive growth.
Source: OECD - Economic Forecast
IMF Statistics:
| Subject descriptor | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change (Units) |
3.169 |
1.804 |
-0.305 |
0.150 |
1.326 |
|
Gross domestic product, current prices Percent change (Billions) |
4,281.348 |
4,085.681 |
4,457.366 |
4,591.100 |
4,772.259 |
|
Gross domestic product per capita, current prices Percent change (Units) |
51,460.987 |
48,756.309 |
52,726.965 |
54,290.944 |
56,438.537 |
|
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change (Units) |
3.212 |
8.666 |
6.030 |
2.406 |
2.019 |
|
Volume of imports of goods and services Percent change (Units) |
8.760 |
6.774 |
-3.017 |
2.028 |
3.756 |
|
Volume of exports of goods and services Percent change (Units) |
9.488 |
3.451 |
-1.655 |
2.572 |
3.651 |
|
Unemployment rate Percent change (Units) |
3.575 |
3.067 |
3.008 |
3.288 |
3.083 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Billions) |
329.835 |
180.146 |
303.195 |
321.724 |
329.066 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Units) |
7.704 |
4.409 |
6.802 |
7.008 |
6.895 |
Estimates
Source: IMF Statistics - Germany
Luxemburg und das Land
Existing conventions and agreements
Non double taxation agreement
In order to promote international economic and financial relations in the interest of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Luxembourg government negotiates bilateral agreements for the avoidance of double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and on fortune with third countries.
- Convention from 23.08.1958 (Memorial 1959, A no.43, p.1075)
- Effective as of 01.01.1957 (Memorial 1959, A no.43, p.1075)
- Protocol of Amendment from 15.06.1973 (Memorial 1978, A no.42, p.992)
- Effective as of 01.01.1971 (Memorial 1978, A no.42, p.992)
- Protocol of Amendment from 11.12.2009 (Memorial 2010, A no.51, p.927)
- Effective as of 01.01.2010 (Memorial 2010, A no.51, p.927)
- Convention from 23.04.2012 (Memorial 2013, A no.114, p.1719)
- Effective as of 01.01.2014 (Memorial 2013, A no.114, p.1719)
Air Services agreement
- Agreement from 07.05.1961 (Memorial 1965, A, p. 294 )
- Effective as of 06.25.1965 (Memorial 1965, A, p. 603)
Weitere Informationen
Foreign Trade
The Statec Foreign Trade statistics provide information on the trade of goods - by product and by country. This information is collected respectively through the INTRASTAT declaration and on the basis of customs documents.
You can see the statistics on the website of the Statec.
Contact points in Germany
Embassy of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Germany
Ambassador with residence in Berlin: Mr Jean Paul SENNINGER
Klingelhöferstrasse 7
D - 10785
Berlin
Germany
Tel.: +49 30 26 39 570
Fax: +49 30 26 39 5727
E-Mail: berlin.amb@mae.etat.lu
Honorary Consuls
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Bavaria:
Mr Axel GRÄNITZ
Campus „neue Balan“
St.-Martin-Straße 106
D-81669 München
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 89 812 6060
Fax: (+49) 89 813 39 443
E-Mail: muenchen@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Tuesday to Friday 14h00-15h00 (by appointment)
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over North-Rhine-Westphalia:
Mr Siegfried H. ELSING
Heinrich-Heine-Allee 12
D-40213 Düsseldorf
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 211-36787-120
Fax: (+49) 211-36787-525
E-Mail: duesseldorf@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 10h00-13h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Bremen:
Mr Hans-Jürgen BLÖCKER
Stahlwerke Bremen
Carl-Benz-Strasse, 30
D-28237 Bremen
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 421 6484484
Fax: (+49) 421 6482900
E-Mail: bremen@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 9h00-12h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Saxony and Thuringia:
Mr Heribert HECKSCHEN
Hohe Strasse 12
D-01069 Dresden
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 351 47 00 916
Fax: (+49) 351 47 00 917
E-Mail: dresden@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 10h00-13h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
and Schleswig-Holstein:
Mr Hermann EBEL
An der Alster 9
D-20099 Hamburg
Tel: + 49 40 30 95 91-80
Fax: +49 40 30 95 91-11
E-mail: lux-consulat@hansatreuhand.de
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate except Regierungsbezirke Koblenz and Trier:
Dr Fritz BECKER
Harald-Quandt-Haus
Am Zollstock 12
D-61352 Bad Homburg
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 6172 402 880
Fax: (+49) 6172 402 889
E-Mail: badhomburg@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 10h00-12h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Rhineland-Palatinate (including Regierungsbezirke Koblenz and Trier):
Mr Jan GLOCKAUER
Herzogenbuscher Straße 12
D-54292 Trier
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 651 97 77 102
Fax: (+49) 651 97 77 105
E-Mail: trier@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 09h00-12h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern,
and Schleswig-Holstein:
Mr Hermann EBEL
An der Alster 9
D-20099 Hamburg
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 40 30 95 91-80
Fax: (+49) 40 30 95 91-11
E-Mail: hamburg@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 09h00-12h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt:
Mr David LOHMANN
An der Börse 7
D- 30159 Hannover
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 511 64 91 75
Fax: (+49) 511 30 12 205
E-Mail: hannover@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 10h00-12h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over the Baden-Württemberg:
Mr Wolfgang KUHN
Hauptstraße 41
D-70178 Stuttgart
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 711 1640 121
Fax: (+49) 711 1640 144
E-Mail: stuttgart@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 10h00-12h00
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction over Saarland:
Mr Leo PETRY
Am Halberg 3
D-66121 Saarbrücken
Germany
Tel.: (+49) 681 95 43 73 83
Fax: (+49) 681 95 43 73 95
E-Mail: saarbruecken@consul-hon.lu
Opening Hours: Monday to Friday 11h00-12h00
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Luxembourg
Luxemburg Trade Department in Berlin
Ms Julie Jacobs
Embassy of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Germany
Klingelhöferstrasse 7
D - 10785 Berlin
Germany
Tel.: +49 30 26 39 570
E-Mail: julie.jacobs@cc.lu
https://businessclub-luxemburg.de/
Country risk as defined by Office du Ducroire for Germany
Ducroire is the only credit insurer covering open account deals in over 200 countries. A rating on a scale from 1 to 7 shows the intensity of the political risk. Category 1 comprises countries with the lowest political risk and category 7 countries with the highest. Macroeconomics experts also assess the repayment climate for all buyers in a country.
Link: Ducroire Office - Country Risk for Germany