IrelandChapitres
Celtic tribes arrived on the island between 600 and 150 B.C. Invasions by Norsemen that began in the late 8th century were finally ended when King Brian BORU defeated the Danes in 1014. Norman invasions began in the 12th century and set off more than seven centuries of Anglo-Irish struggle marked by fierce rebellions and harsh repressions. The Irish famine of the mid-19th century was responsible for a drop in the island's population by more than one quarter through starvation, disease, and emigration. For more than a century afterward, the population of the island continued to fall only to begin growing again in the 1960s. Over the last 50 years, Ireland's high birthrate has made it demographically one of the youngest populations in the EU.
Ireland was neutral in World War II and continues its policy of military neutrality. Ireland joined the European Community in 1973 and the euro-zone currency union in 1999. The economic boom years of the Celtic Tiger (1995-2007) saw rapid economic growth, which came to an abrupt end in 2008 with the meltdown of the Irish banking system. As a small, open economy, Ireland has excelled at courting foreign direct investment, especially from US multi-nationals, which helped the economy recover from the financial crisis and insolated it from the economic shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Source: The CIA World Factbook - Ireland
Indicateurs clés
- Surface
- 70,273 km2
- Population
- 5,275,004 (2022 est.)
- Type de gouvernement
- parliamentary republic
- Langues
- English (official, the language generally used), Irish (Gaelic or Gaeilge) (official, spoken by approximately 39.8% of the population as of 2016; mainly spoken in areas along Ireland's western coast known as gaeltachtai
- PIB
- $447.97 billion (2020 est.)
- Taux de croissance
- 3.4% (2020 est.)
- HDI
- 2
- Capitale
- Dublin
Indicateurs macroéconomiques
Against the backdrop of high COVID-19 vaccination rates, the full reopening of the economy is boosting a broad-based recovery, with GDP projected to increase by 4.8% in 2022 and 2.7% in 2023. Business conditions underpin sizeable employment gains, while household excess savings and wage increases support consumer spending. However, surging inflationary pressures, caused by disruptions in global supply chains and geopolitical concerns, will cut households’ real income and dampen consumption growth.
Amidst current headwinds, the government acted to cushion households from high energy prices and ensure assistance to refugees. Additional fiscal measures should better target poorer households, particularly in the event of further food price increases. At the same time, allocating windfall corporate tax receipts to specific contingency funds would help support fiscal sustainability.
Source: OECD - Economic Forcast
IMF Statistics:
| Subject descriptor | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change (Units) |
15.125 |
9.433 |
-3.199 |
1.466 |
2.453 |
|
Gross domestic product, current prices Percent change (Billions) |
513.733 |
533.559 |
545.787 |
564.020 |
586.864 |
|
Gross domestic product per capita, current prices Percent change (Units) |
101,965.621 |
103,290.607 |
104,272.075 |
106,058.582 |
109,153.379 |
|
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change (Units) |
2.413 |
8.049 |
5.209 |
2.380 |
2.000 |
|
Volume of imports of goods and services Percent change (Units) |
-7.507 |
15.901 |
0.406 |
2.470 |
3.500 |
|
Volume of exports of goods and services Percent change (Units) |
15.103 |
13.922 |
-4.762 |
3.000 |
3.000 |
|
Unemployment rate Percent change (Units) |
6.242 |
4.450 |
4.317 |
4.385 |
4.454 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Billions) |
70.458 |
57.528 |
53.856 |
58.563 |
56.582 |
|
Current account balance Percent change (Units) |
13.715 |
10.782 |
9.868 |
10.383 |
9.641 |
Estimates
Source: IMF Statistics - Ireland
Le Luxembourg et le pays
Existing conventions and agreements
Non double taxation agreement
- Multilateral Convention to implement tax treaty related measures to prevent base erosion and profit shifting (signed on 7 June 2017; entered into effect on 1 August for Luxembourg and 1 May 2019 for Ireland)
- Amendment of the Convention for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and on capital (signed on 27 May 2014; entered into effect on 1 January 2016)
- Convention for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and on capital (signed on 14 January 1972; entered into effect on 1 January 1968)
Air Services agreement
- Agreement frm 07.27.1954 (Memorial 1955, p. 455)
- Effective as of 28.02.1955 (Memorial 1955, p. 632)
- Exchange of Notes from 30.9./19.10.1957
Informations supplémentaires
Foreign Trade
The Statec Foreign Trade statistics provide information on the trade of goods - by product and by country. This information is collected respectively through the INTRASTAT declaration and on the basis of customs documents.
You can see the statistics on the website of the Statec.
Contact points in Ireland
Embassy of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Ireland
Ambassador: H. E. Ms Florence ENSCH
Pending the establishment of a resident Luxembourg Embassy in Dublin, please contact the Embassy via dublin.amb@mae.etat.lu / https://dublin.mae.lu.
Honorary Consul
Honorary Consul with jurisdiction in Ireland:
Mr Ivan HEALY
30 Upper Pembroke Street
DO2 NT28
Dublin
Ireland
Tel.: (+353) 1 608 7765
E-Mail: dublin@consul-hon.lu
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Luxemburg
Country risk as defined by Office du Ducroire for Ireland
Ducroire is the only credit insurer covering open account deals in over 200 countries. A rating on a scale from 1 to 7 shows the intensity of the political risk. Category 1 comprises countries with the lowest political risk and category 7 countries with the highest. Macroeconomics experts also assess the repayment climate for all buyers in a country.
Link: Ducroire Office - Country Risk for Ireland